Tribal Healing to Wellness Courts

The following sites contain extensive drug court resources. These sites are increasingly including tribal drug court specific resource materials. For additional alcohol and substance abuse resources, see our Alcohol and Substance Abuse page.

As of July 2005, there were fifty-six Tribal Healing to Wellness Courts (Drug Courts) that were fully operational in the United States and seventy-one in the planning stages (Drug Court Activity Update: January 1, 2005, Office of Justice Programs Drug Court Clearinghouse and Technical Assistance Project, 2005). As of January 2005, there were 1262 drug courts that were fully operational in the United States and 575 in the planning stages (Drug Court Activity Update: January 1, 2005, Office of Justice Programs Drug Court Clearinghouse and Technical Assistance Project, 2005).

Perceptions of Methamphetamine use in three Western Tribal Communities: Implications for Child Abuse in Indian Country - Indian country lacks both a macro and micro study of child abuse and methamphetamines. Because so little is documented routinely by either law enforcement, social services or medical professionals in assessing risks and dangers to children from environments where meth is found, data is difficult to find. However, in an attempt to explore the increasing concerns raised by the emerging methamphetamine epidemic in Indian country, professionals from three Western Tribal communities were asked to complete a survey about their perceptions of meth us and implications for child abuse in the communities in which they worked. This study was funded through the Training and Technical Assistance grant that the Tribal Law and Policy Institute receives for Children’s Justice Act Partnerships in Indian Communities to assist tribes in addressing serious child abuse. The tribes and individuals that participated in the study were guaranteed anonymity due to the sensitive nature of the questions being asked. However, each Tribal Council provided permission for the surveys to be conducted within their service areas.

Tribe opens new treatment center (August 4, 2005) A new era in treating substance abuse among Saginaw Chippewa Tribal members begins today with a ribbon-cutting ceremony at the Tribe's new behavioral health center. Part of the 33,000-square-foot, single-story sandstone-and-redwood building actually opened last October, offering outpatient substance abuse and mental health treatment. The rest of the center, a residential treatment program for substance abuse and a domestic violence center, is to open this fall. Today, the ribbon-cutting ceremony celebrates the new direction and new facilities, said Elizabeth Evans, Ojibwe Substance Abuse Director for the Tribe. Festivities begin at noon at the center, located on Shepherd Road north of Broadway Road. The residential treatment center will have 18 beds, and planners expect clients to spend about 28 days in treatment. The treatment process combines the Twelve Steps of Alcoholics Anonymous with Native teachings. Read More>>>

The Tribal Law and Policy Institute provides technical assistance, training and evaluation services for Tribal Healing to Wellness Courts on a fee for services basis. The Institute has provided Technical Assistance services for Tribal Healing to Wellness Courts from the beginning of the Tribal Healing to Wellness Court initiative. The Institute has developed an exceptional pool of consultants with knowledge and experience concerning the tribal drug court concept. They are well versed with tribal issues as well as experienced in the operational and planning issues of adult, juvenile and family drug courts. For more information, please contact the Institute at 323-650-5467 or at 907-770-1950 or .

The Tribal Law and Policy Institute has established a Tribal Healing to Wellness Courts mailing list. To subscribe to the list, send the following message to:

imailsrv@tribal-institute.org
subscribe TLPIWellness-crts your_name
(example: subscribe TLPIWellness-crts Jane_Doe)

The Drug Court Discretionary Grant Program (DCDG), sponsored by the Bureau of Justice Assistance, provides financial and technical assistance to states, state courts, local courts, units of local government, and American Indian tribal governments to develop and implement treatment drug courts that effectively integrate substance abuse treatment, mandatory drug testing, sanctions and incentives, and transitional services in a judicially supervised court setting with jurisdiction over nonviolent, substance-abusing offenders.

• National Criminal Justice Reference Service
• American University Clearinghouse
• Office of Justice Programs Resource Guide
• Grant Solicitations & Application Kits
• Publications and Press Releases

The Drug Court Planning Initiative (DCPI) is sponsored by the Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA), Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. This site provides communities participating in DCPI training programs with resource materials that enhance the DCPI training experience. Training resources are provided as supplements to the materials obtained at each DCPI training program.

The OJP Drug Court Clearinghouse and Technical Assistance Project is an extensive Drug Courts Clearinghouse maintained by the American University Office of Justice Programs. The following are just some of the materials that can be found on this site.

• Duckwater Shoshone Tribal Juvenile Drug Court. Nixon Nevada. Treatment Program Requirements (Phases 1-4)
• Duckwater Shoshone Tribal (Adult) Drug Court. Nixon, Nevada: Treatment Program Requirements (Phases I-4)
• "The Duckwater Shoshone Drug Court, 1997- 2000: Melding Traditional Dispute Resolution With Due Process." Judge Ronald Eagleye Johnny. 26 American Indian Law Review. 261 (2002)
• Makah Tribal Drug/Healing to Wellness Court, Neah Bay, Washington: Policy and Procedures
• Makah Tribal Drug/Healing to Wellness Court, Neah Bay, Washington: Policy and Procedures Manual
• Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribal Treatment Courthouse Policies and Procedures, e-mail from Judge B.J. Jones, Agency Village, SD
• Healing and Community Justice Policy of the Judical Branch of the Navajo Nation Remarks of the Honorable Robert Yazzie, Chief Judge of the Navajo Nation on Traditional Navajo Peacemaking and its Role in the Current Navajo Judicial System, May 1 , 1998
• The Navajo Nation v. Ethelyn Bengay  a/k/a/ Ethelyn Peterson, Navajo District Court, Filed 12/12/96 Authority of the Court to dismiss a criminal complaint on showing that defendant has complied with peacemaking agreement
• The Navajo Response to Crime: by Honorable Robert Yazzie Chief Justice of the Navajo Nation
• Poarch Creek Indian Tribe Drug Court Job Descriptions
• Prepared Statement of Chief Judge Don Sollars, Blackfeet Tribal Court Submitted to the United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs Tribal Justice Issues Hearing June 3, 1998
• Ft. Peck Community Wellness Court Program Description
• The Fort Peck Community Wellness Court Implementation Plan
• Pasqua Yaqui Tribal Drug Court Client Guidelines and Grievance Procedure
• June 1999 Tribal Drug Court Activity Update: Summary Information
• Poarch Creek Indian Tribal Drug Court Program (Atmere, AL) Staff Manual
• December 2000 Tribal Drug Court Survey

General Drug Court Resources

• The Interrelationship Between the Use of Alcohol and Other Drugs: Summary Overview for Drug Court Practitioners
• The Dope on Drugs: How the Most Popular Substances Affect Your Brain, Body and Behavior, From the Washington Post, 12 Jan 2000.
• Notre Dame Law Review (Word Document)
  Therapeutic Jurisprudence and the Drug Treatment Court Movement: Revolutionizing the Criminal Justice System's Response to Drug Abuse and Crime in America
• Research On Drug Courts: A Critical Review
  By Steven Belenko, Ph.D.
  The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University
  May, 2001
• Drug Court Publications Resource Guide
• Development and Implementation of Drug Court Systems

The National Association of Drug Court Professionals (NADCP) is the principal organization of professionals involved in the development and implementation of treatment-oriented drug courts. Organized in 1994, NADCP's members include judges, prosecutors, defense attorneys, treatment providers and rehabilitation experts, law enforcement and corrections personnel, educators, researchers, and community leaders. Information on Training and Technical Assistance, Calendar of Events, Publications, and Mentor Court Network and the following Drug Court Practitioner Fact Sheets:

• National Institute of Justice Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring Program
• Methadone and Other Pharmacotherapeutic Interventions in the Treatment of Opioid Dependence
• Buprenorphine in the Treatment of Opioid Addiction
• Effective Drug Court Program Evaluations
• The Critical Need for Jail as a Sanction in the Drug Court Model
• Family Drug Courts: An Alternative Approach to Processing Child Abuse & Neglect Cases

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) is the Federal agency charged with improving the quality and availability of prevention, treatment, and rehabilitative services in order to reduce illness, death, disability, and cost to society resulting from substance abuse and mental illnesses. SAMHSA presents three agency websites that maintain official data files on the numbers of people using or needing to use the Nation's network of substance abuse prevention, addiction treatment and mental health services. They also offer:

• Drug Abuse Statistics
• Mental Health Statistics
• Online Database Archive
• Funding Opportunities
• Public Information
• Information on Programs and Grants

• NIDA Publications List
• Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A Research-Based Guide
• Director's Report to the National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse, September, 1999
• Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study (DATOS)
• Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN)
• Monitoring the Future
• NIDA Notes

Drug addiction can be effectively treated with behavioral-based therapies and, for addiction to some drugs such as heroin or nicotine, medications. Treatment may vary for each person depending on the type of drug(s) being used and multiple courses of treatment may be needed to achieve success. Research has revealed 13 basic principles that underlie effective drug addiction treatment discussed in NIDA’s Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A Research-Based Guide (see below for complete guide).

Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A Research-Based Guide

• Principles of Effective Treatment
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Frequently Asked Questions
  • What is drug addiction treatment?
  • Why can't drug addicts quit on their own?
  • How effective is drug addiction treatment?
  • How long does drug addiction treatment usually last?
  • What helps people stay in treatment?
  • Is the use of medications like methadone simply replacing one drug addiction with another?
  • What role can the criminal justice system play in the treatment of drug addiction?
  • How does drug addiction treatment help reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS and other infectious diseases?
  • Where do 12-step or self-help programs fit into drug addiction treatment?
  • How can families and friends make a difference in the life of someone needing treatment?
  • Is drug addiction treatment worth its cost?
• Drug Addiction Treatment in the United States
  • General Categories of Treatment Programs
    • Agonist Maintenance Treatment
    • Narcotic Antagonist Treatment Using Naltrexone
    • Outpatient Drug-Free Treatment
    • Long-Term Residential Treatment
    • Short-Term Residential Programs
    • Medical Detoxification
  • Treating Criminal Justice-Involved Drug Abusers and Addicts
    • Prison-Based Treatment Programs
    • Community-Based Treatment for Criminal Justice Populations
• Scientifically Based Approaches to Drug Addiction Treatment
  • Relapse Prevention
  • The Matrix Model
  • Supportive-Expressive Psychotherapy
  • Individualized Drug Counseling
  • Motivational Enhancement Therapy
  • Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents
  • Multidimensional Family Therapy (MDFT) for Adolescents
  • Multisystemic Therapy (MST)
  • Combined Behavioral and Nicotine Replacement Therapy for Nicotine Addiction
  • Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA) Plus Vouchers
  • Voucher-Based Reinforcement Therapy in Methadone Maintenance Treatment
  • Day Treatment with Abstinence Contingencies and Vouchers
• Resources

The Treatment Improvement Exchange (TIE) is a resource sponsored by the Division of State and Community Assistance of the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment to provide information exchange between CSAT staff and State and local alcohol and substance abuse agencies. The TIE Contract is funded by the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.

CSAT Treatment Improvement Protocols (TIPs) are best practice guidelines for the treatment of substance abuse. CSAT's Office of Evaluation, Scientific Analysis, and Synthesis draws on the experience and knowledge of clinical, research, and administrative experts to produce the TIPs, which are distributed to a growing number of facilities and individuals across the country. The audience for the TIPs is expanding beyond public and private substance abuse treatment facilities as alcohol and other drug disorders are increasingly recognized as a major problem.

• TIP 44: Substance Abuse Treatment for Adults in the Criminal Justice System
  This TIP presents clinical guidelines to help substance abuse treatment counselors address issues that arise from their clients’ status in the criminal justice system. In addition, it will aid personnel in the criminal justice system in understanding and addressing the challenges of working with offenders with substance use disorders. This new TIP replaces three TIPs: TIP 7, Screening and Assessment for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Among Adults in the Criminal Justice System; TIP 12, Combining Substance Abuse Treatment With Intermediate Sanctions for Adults in the Criminal Justice System; and TIP 17, Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for Adults in the Criminal Justice System.
• TIP 43: Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Addiction in Opioid Treatment Programs
  TIP 43 provides treatment providers, physicians and other medical personnel with the latest information on medication-assisted treatment for people addicted to opiates, largely prescription narcotics or heroin. The TIP emphasizes the importance of supportive services such as counseling, mental health and other medical services, and vocational rehabilitation in facilitating recovery for patients receiving mediation-assisted treatment. The document outlines best practices in the use of methadone, buprenorphine and naltrexone, including appropriate doses of medication, medically supervised withdrawal, medication maintenance, tapering off of treatment medications, associated medical problems, treatment for multiple substance use, and other crucial aspects of treatment for those who are addicted to opiates.
   
• TIP 42: Substance Abuse Treatment for Persons With Co-Occurring Disorders
  TIP 42 provides information about new developments in the rapidly growing field of co-occurring substance use and mental disorders and captures the state of the art in the treatment of people with co-occurring disorders. The TIP contains chapters on terminology, assessment, treatment strategies and models, and an overview of specific mental disorders and cross-cutting issues, such as suicidality and nicotine dependence. The TIP’s appendices provide additional information on topics such as specific mental disorders, emerging models of treatment, common medications, screening and assessment instruments, dual recovery mutual self-help programs, and other resources for consumers and providers, as well as confidentiality issues.
• TIP:41: Substance Abuse Treatment: Group Therapy
  This TIP contains detailed information about group therapy modalities, techniques, and practices that are valuable to substance abuse treatment counselors as well as supervisors and trainers of counselors. It describes five group models that are common in substance abuse treatment:

1.Psychoeducational groups-educate clients about substance abuse
2. Skills development groups-cultivate the skills needed to attain and sustain abstinence
3. Cognitive-behavioral groups-alter thoughts and actions that lead to substance abuse
4. Support groups-buoy members and provide a forum to share pragmatic information about maintaining abstinence and managing day-to-day, chemical-free living
5.Interpersonal process groups-delve into major developmental issues that contribute to addiction and can interfere with recovery

• TIP 40: Clinical Guidelines for the Use of Buprenorphine in the Treatment of Opioid Addiction
  This TIP provides consensus - and evidence -based guidance on the use of buprenorphine, a new option for the treatment of opioid addiction. The goal of this TIP is to provide information that physicians can use to make practical and informed decisions about the use of buprenorphine to treat opioid addiction. The Guidelines address a number of topic areas related to this goal, including the physiology and pharmacology of opioids, opioid addiction, and treatment with buprenorphine; the screening and assessment of opioid addiction problems; detailed protocols for opioid addiction treatment with buprenorphine; management of special populations; and policies and procedures related to office -based opioid addiction treatment under the paradigm established by the Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000. This TIP represents another step by CSAT toward its goal of bringing national leaders together to improve substance use disorder treatment in the United States.
• TIP 39 : Substance Abuse Treatment and Family Therapy
  This TIP addresses how substance abuse affects the entire family and how substance abuse treatment providers can use principles from family therapy to change the interactions among family members. The TIP provides basic information about family therapy for substance abuse treatment professionals and basic information about substance abuse treatment for family therapists. The TIP presents the models, techniques and principles of family therapy, with special attention to the stages of motivation as well as to treatment and recovery. Discussion also focuses on clinical decisionmaking and training, supervision, cultural considerations, specific populations, funding and research. The TIP further identifies future directions for both research and clinical practice.
• TIP 38: Integrating Substance Abuse Treatment and Vocational Services
  Employment has been positively correlated with retention in treatment. By holding a job, a client establishes a legal source of income, structured use of time, and improved self-esteem, which in turn may reduce substance use and criminal activity. Years of research show that the best predictors of successful substance abuse treatment are:
  • Gainful employment
  • Adequate family support
  • Lack of coexisting mental illness
  Unemployment and substance abuse may be intertwined long before an individual seeks treatment. Although the average educational level of individuals with substance abuse disorders is comparable to that of the general U.S. population, people who use substances are far more likely to be unemployed or underemployed than people who do not use substances. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, employment rates for the non-substance-using population ranged from 72.3 percent in 1980 to 76.8 percent in 1991. However, employment rates of the population with substance abuse problems before admission or at admission to treatment have remained at relatively stable, low levels since 1970, ranging from 15 to 30 percent. Most of the research on the employment rates of persons with substance abuse disorders has focused on opiate-dependent persons (usually heroin), and employment rates for other substance users may vary. The data clearly indicate the need for interventions to improve employment rates among this population in treatment and recovery. 247 pages BKD381
• TIP 37: Substance Abuse Treatment for Persons With HIV/AIDS
  While AIDS remains a deadly disease, since TIP 15 was published in 1995 new treatment approaches have extended the length and quality of survival for those with HIV. This longer term survival requires innovative substance abuse treatment that encourages people with HIV/AIDS to seek substance abuse treatment and maintain recovery. TIP 37, Substance Abuse Treatment for Persons With HIV/AIDS, provides a comprehensive overview of how the HIV/AIDS epidemic requires substance abuse treatment professionals to attend to the multiple needs of their clients with HIV/AIDS: substance abuse and other medical, behavioral, psychological, and social needs. TIP 37 reviews the history, transmission, and progression of HIV/AIDS and describes the changes in epidemiology since 1995. It reports on the current state of medical and mental health treatment and how this affects people with substance abuse disorders and HIV/AIDS. Counseling issues are addressed, including staff attitudes, screening, and issues specific to the client with substance abuse disorders and HIV/AIDS. The TIP also examines ethical and legal issues of particular import to both substance abuse treatment providers and their clients with HIV/AIDS, and concludes with an overview of funding sources and grantwriting guidelines. Several alternative products have been developed to accompany TIP 37, including a TIP Preview (MS677), a Quick Guide(MS678), and a Fact Sheet (MS676). Free copies of these products can be ordered through NCADI  316 pages  BKD359
• TIP 36: Substance Abuse Treatment Responding to Child Abuse and Neglect Issues
  The effects of childhood abuse and neglect perpetrated by family members and the intergenerational transmission of the cycle of substance abuse and child abuse and neglect are the focus of this TIP. The seven chapters discuss working with child abuse and neglect issues; screening and assessing adults for childhood abuse and neglect; comprehensive treatment for adult survivors; therapeutic issues for counselors; the substance-dependent client as parent/caregiver; legal responsibilities; and emerging and continuing issues. The closing recommendations include screening assessment protocol and issues for counselors.   181 pages BKD343
• TIP 35: Enhancing Motivation for Change in Substance Abuse Treatment
  This TIP shows how substance abuse treatment staff can influence change by developing a therapeutic relationship that respects and builds on the client's autonomy and, at the same time, makes the treatment clinician a partner in the change process.  243 pages BKD342
• TIP 34: Brief Interventions And Brief Therapies for Substance Abuse Treatment
  An increasing number of individuals are presenting with substance abuse disorders while at the same time, recent changes in the healthcare delivery system are placing funding and time constraints on clinicians. The need for cost-effective services to address substance use disorders is great. As a result, clinicians, researchers, and policymakers are turning their attention toward brief interventions and therapies. An increasing body of literature confirms the effectiveness of brief approaches in substance abuse treatment. This TIP links research to practice by providing clinicians with information on these innovative and shorter forms of treatment for selected populations of substance-using individuals. 234pages  BKD341
• TIP 33: Treatment for Stimulant Use Disorders
  Over the past 20 years, stimulant use in the United States has risen dramatically. Consequently, clinicians, treatment program administrators, and criminal justice system officials must be prepared to address problems and needs specific to this population. This TIP presents information on the nature and extent of cocaine and methamphetamine abuse, and translates findings from clinical studies into practical treatment guidelines. 226 pages BKD289
• TIP 32: Treatment of Adolescents With Substance Use Disorders
  Adolescents differ from adults both emotionally and physiologically. Therefore, treatment of adolescent substance use disorders must reflect their unique needs. In addition to gender, age, and cultural background, treatment providers must address issues that play significant roles in an adolescent's life, such as cognitive, emotional, physical, social, and moral development, and family and peer environment. This TIP, a companion to TIP 31, Screening and Assessing Adolescents for Substance Use Disorders, focuses on how to tailor treatment for adolescents, as well as on common and effective treatment components being used today. 126 pages BKD307
• TIP 31: Screening and Assessing Adolescents For Substance Use Disorders
  Substance use among adolescents is occurring at younger ages while perceived risk of harm from substance use is declining among youth. As a result, professionals who regularly work with adolescents should be able to recognize the signs of substance use. This TIP presents information on current procedures and instruments for detecting substance use disorders in adolescents, conducting comprehensive assessments, and beginning treatment planning. 136 pages BKD306
• TIP 30: Continuity of Offender Treatment for Substance Use Disorders From Institution to Community
  A large percentage of offenders in prison today are there because of drug-related offenses, and it is clearly in the public interest for offenders with substance use disorders to receive appropriate treatment both in prison or jail and in the community after release. Numerous studies show that those who remain dependent on substances are much more likely to return to criminal activity. This TIP presents guidelines for ensuring continuity of care as offenders with substance use disorders move from incarceration to the community. 121 pages BKD304
• TIP 29: Substance Use Disorder Treatment for People With Physical and Cognitive Disabilities
  People with coexisting disabilities are more likely than the general population to also have a substance use disorder. This TIP provides detailed information on the screening, assessment and treatment needs of this population. It also informs treatment programs about how to comply with federal legislation concerning people with disabilities. 156 pages BKD288
• TIP 28: Naltrexone and Alcoholism Treatment
  Naltrexone, a narcotic antagonist marketed under the name "ReVia," is the first new medication in 50 years approved for the treatment of alcohol dependence. This TIP aims to educate clinicians about the value and appropriate use of Naltrexone, help break down resistance to supplementing standard treatment for alcoholics with pharmacotherapies, and enlarge understanding of basic neurological and preclinical research about the addictive process. 94 pages BKD268
• TIP 27: Comprehensive Case Management for Substance Abuse Treatment
  Research and clinical experience indicate that substance abusers have better treatment outcomes if their other problems are addressed concurrently. TIP 27, Comprehensive Case Management for Substance Abuse Treatment, gives treatment providers the information they need to perform case management for their multi-problem clients. The TIP outlines all the leading case management models, explains how to establish linkages, and details how case management fits into a managed care environment. 121 pages BKD251
• TIP 26: Substance Abuse Among Older Adults
  This TIP presents treatment providers and other health care professionals with practical advice for identifying, screening, assessing, and treating substance abuse among people 60 and older. The TIP details how disorders typical in an aging person, such as dementia and delirium, can mask or mimic the effects of alcohol and prescription drug abuse. Elderly-specific screening and assessment instruments are included, along with adjustments to the DSM-IV criteria for substance abuse and dependence. 173 pages BKD250
• TIP 25: Substance Abuse Treatment and Domestic Violence
  This TIP presents treatment providers with an introduction to the field of domestic violence. It gives providers useful information on the role of substance abuse in domestic violence -- both among the men who batter and the women who are battered. Useful techniques for detecting and eliciting such information are supplied, along with ways to modify treatment to ensure victims' safety and to stop the cycle of violence in both parties' lives. 152 pages BKD239
• TIP 24: A Guide to Substance Abuse Services for Primary Care Physicians.
  This TIP presents best practice guidelines for primary care clinicians to follow in caring for patients with substance use disorders. 168 pages BKD234
• TIP 23: Treatment Drug Courts: Integrating Substance Abuse Treatment With Legal Case Processing.
  This TIP provides clinicians, administrators, and policymakers with the information they need to plan, implement, monitor, and evaluate treatment drug courts. The number of programs that integrate drug treatment into the pretrial processing of criminal cases has grown exponentially in the last several years: this TIP highlights the most successful of them and presents relevant information on financial, legal, and ethical issues. 65 pages BKD205
• TIP 22: LAAM in the Treatment of Opiate Addiction.
  This TIP presents current knowledge about the use of levo-alpha-acetyl-methadol (LAAM), an opioid agonist medication approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1993. This TIP describes the medication itself, its modes of action, possible side effects, and interactions with other medications. Separate chapters describe treatment planning, program administration, and regulatory and ethical issues. 66 pages BKD170
• TIP 21: Combining Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment With Diversion for Juveniles in the Justice System.
  .This TIP introduces a new definition of diversion, concentrating on diverting youth already involved with the juvenile justice system. The TIP provides hands-on information about community collaboration to establish a diversion program for youth whose court involvement is associated with substance abuse. 131 pages BKD169
• TIP 20: Matching Treatment to Patient Needs in Opioid Substitution Therapy.
  Opiate-addicted persons often need a broad range of services in addition to opioid substitution therapy. Research has shown that providing these services as part of the therapy program greatly increases retention in treatment and improves outcomes. The TIP outlines a comprehensive assessment process for identifying patient needs and describes core treatment elements to address those needs. 136 pages BKD168
• TIP 19: Detoxification From Alcohol and Other Drugs.
  This TIP presents comprehensive guidelines useful to individuals involved in planning, evaluating, and providing detoxification services. 95 pages BKD172
• TIP 18: The Tuberculosis Epidemic: Legal and Ethical Issues for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment Providers.
  This TIP, which summarizes the latest advice and recommends protocols for dealing with the threat of tuberculosis (TB) in the AOD setting, is intended to encourage collaboration among State, local, and private agencies. The TIP includes guidelines for AOD treatment providers about cooperating with public health officials and others in preventing the transmission of TB in AOD treatment facilities. 132 pages BKD173
• TIP 17: Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for Adults in the Criminal Justice System.
  This TIP will help criminal justice and AOD treatment systems promote the acceptance of AOD treatment for criminal offenders and enhance its effectiveness. The CSAT Criminal Justice Treatment Planning Chart is included in an appendix to assist policymakers and planners. 116 pagesBKD165
• TIP 16: Alcohol and Other Drug Screening of Hospitalized Trauma Patients.
  This TIP describes the significant role that AODs play in traumatic injury, especially reinjury. The TIP recommends alcohol and drug screening (blood and urine) of injured patients age 14 and older at hospital admission. A comprehensive AOD assessment is outlined, and some brief intervention techniques are described. 96 pages BKD164
• TIP 15: Treatment for HIV-Infected Alcohol and Other Drug Abusers.
  This TIP provides recommendations and guidelines for quality care for AOD abusers who are in treatment and who are infected with HIV. The guidelines identify a spectrum of core services and treatment approaches that ideally should be available to all HIV-infected AOD abusers, regardless of the setting in which they receive care. 171 pages BKD163
• TIP 14: Developing State Outcomes Monitoring Systems for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment.
  This TIP is designed to help single State agencies and their staff develop, implement, and manage outcomes monitoring systems for local substance abuse treatment programs to increase accountability for AOD treatment expenditures. It also can be of service to direct service providers, third-party payers, utilization reviewers, quality assurance personnel, and staff of managed care programs. 96 pages BKD162
• TIP 13: The Role and Current Status of Patient Placement Criteria in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders.
  This TIP addresses the establishment of standardized patient placement criteria (PPC) as an objective of the substance abuse treatment field. 74 pages BKD161
• TIP 12: Combining Substance Abuse Treatment With Intermediate Sanctions for Adults in the Criminal Justice System.
  This TIP provides the AOD and criminal justice systems with information to enhance the linkage of treatment services for offenders assigned to intermediate sanctions. Planning, policy, ethical, and legal issues are discussed. 101 pages BKD144
• TIP 11: Simple Screening Instruments for Outreach for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse and Infectious Diseases.
  This TIP presents information on two screening instruments, one for substance abuse and one for infectious diseases, their development, and guidelines for their use. The instruments are designed for linking AOD treatment with treatment for HIV/AIDS, TB, and STDs. 74 pages BKD143
• TIP 10: Assessment and Treatment of Cocaine-Abusing, Methadone-Maintained Patients.
  This TIP addresses the treatment needs of methadone patients using opioids and stimulants, especially cocaine and crack cocaine. 117 pages BKD157
  Keys for Clinicians Based on TIP 10: Assessment and Treatment of Cocaine-Abusing Methadone-Maintained Patients. 2002. CSAT/KAPT10. To order, please call NCADI at 1-800-729-6686
  Quick Guide Based on TIP 10: Assessment and Treatment of Cocaine-Abusing Methadone-Maintained Patients. 2002. CSAT/QGCT10. To order, please call NCADI at 1-800-729-6686
• TIP 9: Assessment and Treatment of Patients with Coexisting Mental Illness and Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse.
  This TIP provides practical treatment recommendations for enhancing services to individuals dually diagnosed with mental health and substance abuse problems. 114 pages BKD134
• TIP 8: Intensive Outpatient Treatment for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse.
  This TIP provides an overview of Intensive Outpatient Treatment (IOT), documenting the clinical viability and utility of IOT and stressing the range of IOT services within the local continuum of care. 104 pages BKD139
• TIP 7: Screening and Assessment for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Among Adults in the Criminal Justice System.
  This TIP provides guidelines to criminal justice and substance abuse treatment personnel on effective procedures and instruments to ensure appropriate program referral, treatment, and enhanced outcomes. 129 pages BKD138
• TIP 6: Screening for Infectious Diseases Among Substance Abusers.
  This TIP guides AOD treatment providers in developing and improving on-site and referral patient services regarding infectious diseases, including screening, medical services, and preventive counseling. 160 pages BKD131
• TIP 5: Improving Treatment for Drug-Exposed Infants.
  This TIP offers guidelines for monitoring and evaluating programs that treat drug-exposed infants. 94 pages BKD110
• TIP 2: Pregnant, Substance-Using Women.
  The guidelines in this TIP reflect state-of-the-art research and clinical knowledge on effective treatment practices and care for pregnant substance abusers. 90 pages BKD107
• TIP 1: State Methadone Treatment Guidelines.
  This TIP provides guidelines for State Alcohol and Other Drug (AOD) agencies and methadone treatment providers on effective treatment practices and care. 222 pages BKD98

Norchem'sDrug Testing Quarterly has clear, concise articles and tips put you on top of the ever-changing world of drug testing. Law-enforcement officers, case workers, private industry managers, and medical professionals are among those already benefiting from this timely and informative publication. For previous editions, see their Back Issue page.

Moyers on Addiction: Close to Home, premiered on PBS stations on March 29, 1998. This Web companion piece features Science: The Hijacked Brain, the latest scientific advances in understanding and treating addiction, plus Animated Illustrations of the brain and the mechanism of drugs in the body; Treatment: Changing Lives, how treatment works, types of treatment, profiles of selected programs, and questions to ask; Prevention: The Next Generation, what works and what doesn't, who is at risk, and how we can protect our children; Policy: The Politics of Addiction, current policy, controversial issues, and what you can do to help; Viewpoints, experts debate the hot topics and Help & Resources, get help now, learn if you or a loved one has a problem, and find more information and Guides & Outreach, free, downloadable education guides for viewers, educators, employers, families, and health professionals.

Breaking The Cycle -- A Developmental Model for the Assessment and Treatment of Adolescents with Alcohol and Other Drug Problems was written by Leslie Acoca, M.A., M.F.C.C. for the National Council's Substance Abuse Program. The monograph is dedicated to providing judges with both a theoretical framework for understanding adolescent substance abuse and practical guidelines for generating and choosing effective and economical substance abuse treatment resources. Other resources can also be found at the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges.